In-Vehicle Interaction Design Space

Interaction Modality

Input
Output

Visual
Auditory
Vestibular
Kinesthetic
Electrodermal
Tactile
Thermal
Pain
Olfactory
Gustatory
Cerebral
Cardiac

Interaction Location

Human Body
Nomadic
Anchored

Head
Eye
Mouth
Nose
Face
Hand
Finger
Torso
Upper Arm
Forearm
Leg
Foot
AR
VR
Handheld
Wearable
Front
Windshield
Dashboard
HUD
Center Stack
Steering Wheel
Seat
Table
Door
Rear
Floor
Ceiling

SAE Level

0
1
2
3
4
5

Multimodal

Input
Output

A Design Space for Human Sensor and Actuator Focused In-Vehicle Interaction Based on a Systematic Literature Review
P. Jansen, M. Colley and E. Rukzio
Proc. ACM Interact. Mob. Wearable Ubiquitous Technol. (IMWUT), vol. 6, no. 2, art. 56, June 2022. ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/3534617